Evaluation and design of domestic and international carbon market mechanisms, with the mission to support the successful transition from existing to emerging mechanisms.
Carbon market mechanisms are becoming an increasingly popular instrument for international and domestic climate change mitigation efforts. In particular, national and sub-national programmes have shown significant growth in recent years, going some way to make up for uncertainty of international markets under the Kyoto Protocol. Moreover, the 2015 Paris Agreement established a new market mechanism to assist Parties in achieving nationally determined contributions, raising ambition and supporting sustainable development. The exact rules of this mechanism are yet to be determined.
NewClimate Institute is highly active in the analysis, evaluation and design of domestic and international market mechanisms. We evaluate past mechanisms and reflect the lessons learned to the design and development of future mechanisms including those that deliver an overall mitigation impact, which is explicitly stated in the 2015 Paris Agreement. Our experts combine years of experience working in various capacities with the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) and the Joint Implementation (JI) programme, and have provided support and advice to international policy makers for the emerging New Market Mechanism (NMM) and Framework for Various Approaches (FVA) concepts.
Associated projects
Evaluating the state of the CDM
Evaluation of the present implementation status of CDM projects and identification of support measures to keep CDM projects mitigating. Return to all expertise and projects The Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) was introduced by the Kyoto Protocol and has developed into one of the most important international carbon market instruments. The CDM stimulated investments in greenhouse… Read More
Bilateral agreements as basis towards piloting sectoral market mechanisms
Opportunities provided by bilateral agreements for piloting market-based approaches at sectoral levels. The research work analyses how bilateral agreements between countries could be used to pilot international carbon market activities on sectoral levels to ensure a minimum activity level in this transition period from existing to new mechanisms. Return to all expertise and projects The… Read More
Results-based financing in Carbon Markets – connecting market and non-market based approaches
Current situation of results-based financing (RBF) approaches in climate policy.
Carbon integrity assessment of mitigation actions
Development of a methodology and scorecard to assess the carbon integrity of mitigation actions
Carbon market mechanisms in future international cooperation on climate change
Overview of the options for the use of carbon market mechanisms in a 2015 climate change agreement
Analysis of pre-2020 developments in the global carbon market
Continuous analysis of the status and developments of mitigation activities in the global carbon market up to 2020. The German Emission Trading Authority (DEHSt) at the Federal Environment Agency contracted a consortium led by NewClimate Institute, to follow and evaluate the current situation and developments in the international carbon market over the period up to… Read More
Offsetting in carbon taxation systems
Analysis of the potentials and limits of different offset standards in bilateral and global CO2 price systems. Currently, an increasing number of countries and regions develops CO2 pricing mechanisms, including carbon taxes and emission trading systems. Some of these countries are designing or plan to design standards for the use of offsets in their pricing… Read More
Integration of market mechanisms and emission trading schemes
Design and integration of market mechanisms and emission trading schemes under a new climate change agreement. The German emission trading authority (DEHSt/UBA) contracted NewClimate Institute together with adelphi and Öko-Institut to provide a foundation for the formulation and further development of a German position in the climate negotiations, and to facilitate a scientifically-based contribution of… Read More
Development of a sectoral market based approach
Setting incentives for ambitious emissions reductions through carbon pricing in developing countries. The German emission trading authority (DEHSt/UBA) contracted a consortium led by NewClimate Institute with Öko-Institut and a local partner for the development and implementation of a market-based approach to mitigation action on the basis of a sectoral benchmark. This approach aims, on the… Read More
Innovative Financing Options for the Adaptation Fund
Assessing potentials and pathways for financing adaptation through carbon pricing approaches
Benchmarking Guide for climate policy instruments
Creating a practical and in-depth guide on how to design and implement benchmarks for policy makers. Return to all expertise and projects World Bank Partnership for Market Readiness programme (PMR) has contracted NewClimate Institute and Ricardo Energy and Environment to develop a Guide for providing an overview and practical guidance for policy-makers and practitioners on the main design elements… Read More
Further reading
Crediting Forest-related Mitigation under International Carbon Market Mechanisms Sep 2018 - This discussion paper explores environmental risks from the inclusion of forest offset credits in the Paris Agreement’s Article 6 and CORSIA, and examines approaches to address such risks. A number of challenges surrounding environmental integrity notably baseline determination, additionality, permanence, and leakage are discussed as well as environmental and social safeguards in forest mitigation initiatives.
Discussion paper: Marginal cost of CER supply and implications of demand sources Mar 2018 - In this discussion paper we estimate the marginal cost of supplying certified emissions reduction units (CERs) from projects that are currently registered under the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM). We develop a supply curve using data on the individual ability of projects to potentially supply CERs over the period up to 2020. We analyse changes to the supply curve based on a number of scenarios which restrict the eligibility of CERs based on the timing of emission reductions, the timing of project investment decisions and registration under the CDM, as well as an assessment of the extent to which projects are vulnerable to the risk of discontinuing abatement activities without CER revenues.
Germany’s international cooperation on carbon markets: Status and prospects in select partner countries Nov 2017 - This suite of four publications try to unpack the black box of where countries stand on their readiness to engage in Article 6 of the Paris Agreement. Article 6 lays down the vision for carbon markets under the Paris Agreement. The three standalone case studies on Ethiopia, Viet Nam and Ukraine discuss country-contexts on Article 6 readiness in an objective manner, looking at the enabling conditions in these countries, the feasibility to maintain robust accounting and MRV, and compatibility of their NDCs. Potential entry-points for international support to facilitate readiness are also discussed. NewClimate institute conducted this work along with partners Oeko Institute and adelphi through the generous support of the German Environment Agency (UBA).
Discussion Paper: CDM Supply Potential up to 2020 Aug 2017 - Authored by NewClimate Institute, Lambert Schneider and Stephanie La Hoz Theuer, this publication forms part of a broader project, commissioned by the German Emissions Trading Authority (DEHSt) at the German Environment Agency (Umweltbundesamt, UBA), with the primary objective to analyse the current situation and development of the international carbon markets.
A Guide to Greenhouse Gas Benchmarking for Climate Policy Instruments May 2017 - NewClimate Institute and Ricardo Energy and Environment developed a comprehensive technical note for World Bank’s Partnership for Market Readiness program (PMR) on the topic of ‘GHG benchmarking for climate policy instruments’.
Vulnerability of CDM Projects for Discontinuation of Mitigation Activities May 2017 - Authored by NewClimate Institute and the Öko-Institut, this publication forms part of a broader project, commissioned by the German Emissions Trading Authority (DEHSt) at the German Environment Agency (Umweltbundesamt, UBA), with the primary objective to analyse the current situation and development of the international carbon markets.
Innovative Financing for the Adaptation Fund: Pathways and Potentials Feb 2017 - This new report explores the potential of seven innovative climate finance options to meet the financing needs of the Adaptation Fund. It concludes that if implemented in a collective manner, these can provide a steady and predictable stream of finance for the Fund. However, the Adaptation Fund Board needs to proactively engage with relevant decision makers, following a dynamic resource mobilisation strategy. Potential engagement pathways for each option are discussed as well. 
International market mechanisms after Paris Nov 2016 - The purpose of this paper is to identify the main goals and aims of the international carbon market, take into account the general context and environment for carbon markets under the Paris Agreement, identify and discuss the main issues of the relevant paragraphs and analyse issues of the interaction and relationship of the provisions including synergies and conflicts. The paper aims at facilitating the discussion among UNFCCC parties while, given the dynamic nature of the topic, it can obviously only be a snapshot of the current status of the discussions.
Two Unconventional Options to Enhance Multilateral Climate Finance Oct 2016 - NewClimate Institute contributed to a policy brief on ‘Two unconventional options to enhance multilateral climate finance’ under the European Capacity Building Initiative (ecbi). 
Impacts of the Clean Development Mechanism Nov 2015 - This focus study presents a quantitative assessment of the mitigation impact of the CDM that occurs as a side effect of the current depressed market conditions. The annual net mitigation impact of the CDM in 2014 is in the order of 480 MtCO2e and thus might have reduced global emissions by approximately 1% in 2014