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This report provides a comprehensive analysis of the plastics sector’s climate impact, mapping emissions across the value chain. It proposes the decarbonisation of the sector through sequencing a set of mitigation strategies and assesses regional production and trade differences between four major players – China, the EU, Saudi Arabia and the United States – as well as the alignment of their policies with these strategies.

This is the 2025 edition of the UNEP Emissions Gap Report, which tracks progress in limiting global warming well below 2°C and pursuing 1.5°C in line with the Paris Agreement.

This discussion paper synthesises existing perspectives and emerging debates around the interpretation and implementation of Article 2.1(c) of the Paris Agreement.

This study explores how shortages of skilled workers for the energy transition could undermine global emissions pathways. Using a novel model linking labour supply and renewable energy development, it shows how labour shortages may delay renewable deployment and derail progress in power sector decarbonisation. Subsequent sections explore the real-world barriers faced by countries in expanding their energy transition workforce and assess countries’ current potential to supply skilled workers to the energy sector.

This joint policy brief examines the EU’s new Clean Trade and Investment Partnerships (CTIPs). It outlines minimum conditions for success to align trade, industry and climate goals, and highlights how CTIPs can become credible tools for cooperation.

Assessing the status and trends of net-zero target setting across countries, sub-national governments and companies.

This report explores the role of the private sector in scaling investment in CDR and makes recommendations for voluntary standard-setters on how to include requirements for durable CDR in their net-zero and other climate guidelines. It then analyses the CDR commitments and measures of 35 companies across seven sectors.

This ECNO flagship report highlights where the EU is on track and where additional efforts are required to create the enabling conditions for a prosperous, climate neutral future.

This report examines how financial institutions, initiatives and regulators can align with real-economy climate goals. It highlights the limitations of voluntary net-zero pledges and proposes impact levers to drive credible, Paris-aligned action.

Renewable hydrogen could play a role in Southeast Asia’s power sector, but its value lies in targeted use. This brief assesses opportunities, challenges and policy considerations to support informed decision-making on the region’s energy transition strategies.

The trend study analyses these five trends that could complicate or improve political action and shows how climate protection policy could position itself in the midst of overlapping crisis dynamics.

The study analyses which key trends in the economy and society influence the material foundations of prosperity in Germany.

In this briefing, we analyse the EU agrifood sector’s current trajectory and policies, identifying key opportunities and roadblocks to enhance climate action, economic resilience, and global competitiveness.

The 2025 Corporate Climate Responsibility Monitor (CCRM) analyses the climate strategies of 55 major global companies, critically assessing the extent to which they demonstrate corporate climate leadership.

This chapter of the 2025 Corporate Climate Responsibility Monitor assesses the climate strategies of five major light-duty vehicle manufacturers: Ford, General Motors, Stellantis, Toyota and Volkswagen. The focus lies on their GHG emission reduction targets and key transitions for deep sector-wide decarbonisation.